Industrial Knowledge

HAZARDOUS LOCATIONSHazardous locations are defined as premises, buildings, or parts thereof where fire or explosion hazards may exist due to the presence of flammable gasesor vapors, flammable liquids, combustible dust, or easily ignitable fibers or flyings.Although flammable gases, vapors, and combustible dust exist almost everywhere, fortunately, they are present only in minute quantities. Simply becauseflammable […]

You must consider the following when selecting an engine: Engine Selection Advise Application:    e.g. water pump Hp or kW required    e.g. 20 hp Speed    e.g. 2500 rpm Direct coupled or v-belt    e.g. direct coupled by flexible coupling Ambient conditions    e.g. up to 40c , 30% humidity Site conditions    e.g. under cover on farm site Duty – continuous or intermittent    e.g. continuous 2500 hrs per

Published by the Energy Institute (formerly Institute of Petroleum ) Title : «Area Classification code for installations handling flammable fluids» Code 1 Example The 3rd edition ( 2005 ) -143 pages- was prepared by about 15 major oil companies It is considered as a well established, internationally accepted code for classification of hazardous areas In

Rules to be applied for area classification are divided into 2 categories : REGULATIONS – Published by the national legal Authorities. – Application is mandatory. (Law) -They vary from country to country. STANDARDS Published by a standardization committee (international/national/regional). Application is not mandatory but only if it has been enforced by law. Standardization committees generally include representatives from :

AREACLASSIFICATION Why?A brief history ofaccidents Severe accidents in coal mines occurred through the world in the 19th and 20th century (thousands of casualties). Causes : result of ignition of Fire damp by sparks (often generated by electrical apparatus) leading to those catastrophic accidents . Oil & gas and chemical industries also generated many accidents (fire ,explosion).

Tier 4 Emission Standards The Tier 4 emission standards—phased-in from 2008 through 2015—introduce substantial reductions of NOx (for engines above 56 kW) and PM (above 19 kW), as well as more stringent HC limits. CO emission limits remain unchanged from the Tier 2-3 stage. Engines up to 560 kW. Tier 4 emission standards for engines up

While all Perkins engines deliver high performance, those with electronic control systems bring improved fuel performance, better machine optimisation and enhanced power delivery, compared to their mechanically controlled counterparts. While the engine you select will depend on what you require it to do, choosing electronic now – or upgrading later – will provide an opportunity

ATEX is the collective name of a number of European Union directives derived from the abbreviation French – Atmosphères Explosibles – “explosive atmospheres”. Explosive atmospheres include mixtures of gases, vapors, fog or dust with atmospheric air, capable of burning as a result of ignition. Since the operation of equipment used in explosive atmospheres poses an increased danger

ISO8528: Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine Driven alternating Current generating sets ISO 3046: Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines IEC 60034: Rotating Electrical Machinery API 650: Welded Tanks for Oil Storage UL 142: Aboveground Flammable Liquid Tanks ASME VIII div.1: Boiler Pressure Vessel and qualifications  ASME IX: Welding Brazing and Fusing BS 16.5: Flange Dimensions API 671: Special